Khwaja Haider Ali Aatish was one of the titans of Urdu
poetry whose literary rivalry with his contemporary Nasikh produced some rare
lyrical gems. ‘Aatish’ was born in 1778 in Faizabad.
He died in 1846 in Lucknow. His poems are compiled under
‘Deewan-e-Aatish’.
Since his father died when he was very young, Aatish could
not have a formal education. But his instinctive taste for poetry gave him easy
access to the court of Nawab Mohammed Taqi Khan Taraqqi, who, in turn, took him
to Lucknow. At Lucknow he sought poetic instruction from Mushafi, an important
poet of the Lucknow school. On the strength of his poetic abilities and
performance, Aatish soon established his reputation in literary circles, and
came to be regarded as a top ranking poet of Lucknow, and a worthy rival of
Nasikh.
Aatish was a contented, self- respecting man who led a
simple and stringent life, and never stooped before nobility to gain personal
favours. This independence of spirit and ascetic- like unconcern with worldly
comforts, is also reflected in his poetry.
Although Aatish belongs unmistakably to the Lucknow school,
his poetry is generally free from the faults of affectation, sensuality, and
linguistic jugglery, associated with this school.
He is generally bracketed with Nasikh for purposes of poetic
comparison. Both of them were good friends and poetic rivals, both of them were
representatives of the Luckriow school, and both of them were acknowledged
masters in the field. Again, both of them respected each other, so much so,
that after the death of Nasikh, Aatish stopped writing poetry.
Some critics rank him next to Mir and Ghalib. His ghazals
are built round the traditional themes of love and mysticism, and his sentiment
is noble and refined. He writes familiar, speech-like language, and his words
are carefully chosen and artistically arranged. He also makes an apt use of he
contemporary idiom, so that some of hi lines, like the lowing, have become
popular quotations.
Renowned for ghazals with a mystic flavour, Aatish’s work
displays a unique sensuous quality. He seldom loses spontaneity. Quite often he
displays a tendency for ornamentation and word based poetry but we also have in
him a representative lyricist of the age.
Ghazal
1.
shab-e-vasl thii chaandnii kaa samaan thaa
baGal meN sanam thaa, Khudaa meherbaaN thaa
voh shab thii ki thii roshnii jismen din kii
zamiin par se ek nuur taa aasmaan thaa
nikaale the do chaand usne muqaabil
voh shab sub’h-e-jannat ka jis pe gumaan thaa
uruusii kii shab kii halaavat thii haasil
farahnaak thii ruuh, dil shaadmaan thaa
bayaan khwaab kii tarah jo kar rahaa hai
ye qissa hai jab kaa ki Aatish javaan thaa
2.
tadapate hain na rote hain na ham fariyaad karate hain
sanam kii yaad mein har-dam Khudaa ko yaad karate hain
unhiin ke ishq mein ham naalaa-o-fariyaad karate hain
ilaahii dekhiye kis din hamen vo yaad karate hain
[naalaa = loud wailing]
shab-e-furqat mein kyaa kyaa saanp laharaate hain siine par
tumhaarii kaakul-e-pechaa.N ko jab ham yaad karate hain
[shab-e-furqat = night of separation; kaakul-e-pechaan =
curly hair]
3.
sun to sahii jahaan mein hai teraa fasaanaa kyaa
kahatii hai tujh se Khalq-e-Khudaa Gaibaanaa kyaa
ziinaa sabaa kaa Dhuundhatii hai apanii musht-e-Khaak
baam-e-baland yaar kaa hai aastaanaa kyaa
aatii hai kis tarah se merii kabz-e-ruuh ko
dekhuun to maut Dhuundh rahii hai bahaanaa kyaa
betaab hai kamaal hamaaraa dil-e-aziim
mahamaan saaraay-e-jism kaa hogaa ravanaa kyaa
4.
yaar ko maiin ne mujhe yaar ne sone na diyaa
raat bhar taali’-e-bedaar ne sone na diyaa
[taali'-e-bedaar = good fortune]
ek shab bul_bul-e-betaab ke jaage na nasiib
pahaluu-e-gul me.n kabhii Khaar ne sone na diyaa
raat bhar kii dil-e-betaab ne baaten mujh se
mujh ko is ishq ke biimaar ne sone na diyaa
5.
ye aarazuu thii tujhe gul ke ruu-ba-ruu karate
ham aur bul_bul-e-betaab guftaguu karate
[ruu-ba-ruu = in front of; guftaguu = conversation]
payaam bar na mayassar huaa to Khuub huaa
zabaan-e-Gair se kyaa shar kii aarazuu karate
[mayassar = available; shar = mischief]
merii tarah se maah-o-mahar bhii hain aavaaraa
kisii habiib ko ye bhii hain justajuu karate
[maah-o-mahar = moon and sun; habiib = friend]
jo dekhate terii zanjiir-e-zulf kaa aalam
asiir hone ke aazaad aarazuu karate
[asiir = prisoner]
na puuchh aalam-e-baragashtaa taali-e-”Aatish”
barasatii aag mein jo baaraan kii aarazuu karate
[baragashtaa = turn around/against; baaraa.N = rain]
[taali-e-aatish = burning fate]
6.
Dakan par ham unke gunman kaise kaise,
Kalaam aafe hai;i darmiaan kaise kaise.
Za,nin-e-chaman gut khilati hai kya kya,
Badalta hai rang aasmaan kaise kaise.
Na gor-e-Sikander, na hal qabar-e-Dara,
Mite izaamion ke nishaan kaise kaise.
Bahar-e-gulistan ki hal aaTnad, aamad,
Keh phirte ham khush baagbaan kaise, kaise.
Tawajjuh ne ten ha?naare Maseeah,
Tawaana Kieye naatuuan kalse kaise.
DiI-o-deeda-e-ahl-e-alaam mein ghar hal,
Tumhaare lieye ham tnakaan kaise kaise.
Gham-o-çhussa-o-ranj-o-andoh-o-hirman,
Hamaare bki ham mehrbaan kaise kaise.
Kare jis qadar shukr-e-naimat wok ham hal,
Maze loot-ti hal zabaan kaise kaise.
7.
Adam se jaanib-e-hasti talaash-e-yaar mein aae,
Khuli aankhen tau dekha, waadi-e-pur khaar mein aae.
Yaqin hal kuchh na kuchh rahmat mizaaj-e-yaar mein aae,
Adafi se haath baandhe hum tere darbaar mein aae.
Agar bakhshe zahe rehmat, na bakhshe tau shikaait kya,
Sar-e-taslim khum hal, jo mizaaje-yaar mein aae.
Na puchho ahl-e-mahshar, hum se diwaana ki be-taabi,
Yahaan majma suna, yaan bhi talaash-e-yaar mein aae.
Adam ke jaane waalo, bazm-e-jaanaan tak agar pahuncho,
Hamen bhi yaad rakhna, zikar jo darbaar mein aae.
Na maango bosa, ai Aatish, begaare munh woh baithe ham,
Qayaamat hai agar ha! abroo-e-khamdaar mein aae.
8.
Dost ho jab dushman e jaan to kya maalum ho
Aadmi ko kis tarah apni qazaa maluum ho
Aashiqon se se puchiye khoobi lab e jaankhash ki
Johri ko qad e lal e bebaha maluum ho
Daam main laaya hai Aatish sabza e khat e butan
Sach hai kya Isa ko kismat ka likha maluum ho
9.
Ae sanam! Jis ne tujhe chand si soorat di hai
Usi Allah ne mujh ko bhi mohabbat di hai
Tegh be aab hai bazu-e-qaatil kamzor
Kuch giran jaani hai maut befursat di hai
Koi akseer ghazi dil nahi rakhti aesa
Khaaksari nahi di hai daulat di hai
Furqat-e-yaar mein ro ro ke basar karta hoon
Zindagi mujhe kya di hai museebat di hai
Yaad-e-mehboob faramosh na huye Ae dil!
Husn-e-neeyat ne mujhe ishq si naimat di hai
Gosh paida kiye sunne ko tera zikr-e-jamal
Dekhne ko tere aankhon mein basarat di hai
Lutf-e-dilbastagi-e-ashiq-e-shaida na pooch!
Do jahaan se is asseeri ne furaghat di hai
Kamar-e-yaar ke mazmun ko baandh aaye ‘Aatish’
Zulf khuban si mere gham ko tabiyat di hai
10.
agar bakhshe zehe qismat, na bakhshe to shikayat kya
sare tasleem kham jo mizaaj yaar mein aaye
11.
husn-e-paree ik jalwa-e-mastaana hai us ka
hushyaar wahi hai ke jo deewaana hai us ka
gul aate hain hanstee mein adam se hamatan gosh
bulbul ka ye naala nahin afsaana hai us ka
jo chasm ke hairaan hui aaina hai us kee
jo seena ke sad chaak hua shaana hai us ka
wo yaad hai uski ke bhula de do jahaaN ko
haalat ko kare ghair wo yaaraana hai us ka
Yusuf nahin jo hath lage chand dir(h)am se
qeemat jo do aalam ki hai begaana hai us ka
aawaargi-e-nikhat-e-gul hai ye ishaara
jaame se jo baahar hai wo deewaana hai us ka
shukraan-e-saaqi azal karta hai Aatish
labrez may shauq se paimaana hai us ka
11.
Dekha yaan aaeena e fikr ne jab safaay e aab dar sukhan ka
Dahan ko jauhar khula zabaan ka, zabaan ko aqda khula dahan
ka
Nazar jo aa jaaye baid Majnu to to royun Majnu ki yaad mein
Jo dekhun yatsha to sar ko phodun kyaal bandh jaaye ko ha
kan ka
barhana(nude)aaya tha yaan Adam se, Barhana yaan se chala
Adam ko
Na boye kafur hain naa sunghi, Na dagh mujhko laga kafan ka
Nigaah awwal mein chashm se go’n, yeh rang mehfil kare
deegar go’n
Woh haal howe jo waqt aakhir, sharab khurun ki anjuman ka
Jo haal parwaan e ishq mein hai, wahi mohabbat mein aalam e
dil
Woh samaa fanoos ka hai kashta, yeh sukhta noor pairahan ka
Na yeh nazakat pari mein hogi, naa hurein yeh nazakat Aatish
Jo haar phoolon ka is ne pahna, to bojh uthaya hazaar man ka
12.
Hazrat dil jo kuch irshaad kiya karte hain
Dekhiye kat chuke kab zeest ke apne yeh pahaad
Dard sar soorat Farhaad kiya karte hai
Bulbulon se jo gale kholein hai laakar tahe daam
Chahchahe baagh mein syaad kiya karte hai
Gham shabe hijr mein apne nahin darpesh aata
Zikr se wasl ke dil shaad kiya karte hain
Zikr ashq se nahin ek dam inko fursat
Naaz o andaaz naye ijaad (invent) kiya karte hain
Aatishein naalon ki Allah re garmi shabe hijr
narm tar mom(wax) se falood(iron) kiya karte hain
sunte hain shoq shahaadat ka jo mere shahrah
Yaad Aatish mujhe jallad kiya karte hain
13.
taar taar pairahan hain bhar gayi hai buu-e-dost
Misle tasweer nihaali mai huun ya pahlu-e-dost?
Hijr ki shab ho gayi roz-e-qayamat se daraaz
dosh se neeche nahin utre abhi gesu-e-dost
Daagh-e-dil par khair guzri to ghanimat jaaniye
Dushman-e-jaan hain jo aankhen dekhti hain soye dost
Farsh-e-gul bistar tha apna, khaak par sote hain ab
Khisht zer-e-sar nahin yaa takia tha zaanu-e-dost
yaad karke apni barbaadi ko rote hain hum
jab udaati hain hawaaein tund khaak-e-koo-e-dost
Is balay-e-jaal se AAtish dekhiye kyunkar nibhe
Dil siwa sheeshe se nazuk, dil se nazuk khoo-e-dost
14.
Uljha hai dil buton ke gesu-e-pur shikan mein
ugti hai jaaey sabza kanghi mere chaman mein
latkegein dilon bankar dil zulf ki rasan mein
dikhlayega paseena paani che zaqan mein
shirin zabaan hui hai Farhaad ke dahan mein
Laila pukarti hai Majnu ke pairahan mein
itr gulab bankar halqe mein yar baitha
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